The extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis is innervated by the deep fibular nerve while the dorsal interossei are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve with the first and second dorsal interossei also receiving part of their innervation from the deep fibular nerve The deep layer consists of the dorsal interossei muscles. The most superficial layer consists of the extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis. The dorsal intrinsic muscles of the foot can be divided into two layers All the plantar intrinsic muscles are innervated by the medial and lateral plantar branches of the tibial nerve The deepest layer consists of the three plantar interossei. The third layer consists of adductor hallucis transverse, adductor hallucis oblique, flexor hallucis brevis and flexor digiti minimi brevis. The second layer consists of the quadratus plantae and the lumbricals. The most superficial layer is deep to the plantar aponeurosis and includes the abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and the abductor digiti minimi. The plantar intrinsic foot muscles are organised into four layers Intrinsic foot muscles differ from extrinsic foot muscles, which have their origins in the leg and the long tendons cross the ankle joint complex The plantar and dorsal intrinsic muscles of the foot have both their origin and insertion within the foot Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an overview of the anatomy and role of intrinsic foot muscles, implications of intrinsic weakness and evaluate the different methods used to measure intrinsic foot muscle strength. , but there is lack of agreement regarding the most appropriate measure of strength. There are diverse methods available for measuring intrinsic muscle properties To assess the degree of weakness and to determine the effect of strengthening intrinsic muscles, a valid and reliable measure of intrinsic muscle strength is needed. The level of intrinsic muscle weakness necessary for the development of these deformities and disorders is unknown. Intrinsic foot muscle weakness has also been implicated in the development of pes cavus in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) and are thought to work in conjunction with the plantar aponeurosis, plantar ligaments and extrinsic foot muscles to control the stresses on the foot during gait Intrinsic foot muscles contribute to the support of the medial longitudinal arch